Yoga Glossary: Medical & Practical Definitions

Doctor-informed, beginner-friendly yoga explanations.

Reviewed by yoga & wellness experts

Guru

Guru

Teacher; dispeller of darkness.

Sanskrit Terms 50+
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Half Lord of the Fishes

Ardha Matsyendrasana

Seated twist with one foot outside opposite knee.

Poses 50+
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Half Moon

Ardha Chandrasana

Balancing on one leg with torso and other leg horizontal.

Poses
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Handstand

Adho Mukha Vrksasana

Inversion balancing on hands.

Poses
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Happy Baby

Ananda Balasana

On back, hold feet and draw knees toward armpits.

Poses 50+
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Happy Baby to Twist

Flow

Transition from Happy Baby to a reclined twist.

Poses 50+
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Hatha

Hatha

Force or effort; sun (ha) and moon (tha).

Sanskrit Terms 50+
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Head to Knee

Janu Sirsasana

One leg extended, one bent, fold forward.

Poses 50+
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Headache Relief

Neck and shoulder release

Poses that may ease tension headaches.

Poses 50+
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Headstand

Sirsasana

Inversion with crown of head and forearms on floor.

Poses
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Hero Pose

Virasana

Kneeling with sit bones between heels.

Poses 50+
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High Lunge

Ashtanga Namaskar

Back knee off floor, front knee bent, arms overhead.

Poses
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Hip Circles

Hip mobility

Standing or supine hip circles.

Poses 50+
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Hip Openers Sequence

Hip focus

Sequence targeting the hips.

Poses 50+
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Humble Warrior

Baddha Virabhadrasana

Warrior I with arms behind, folding forward.

Poses
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Hypertension Friendly

Blood pressure care

Poses and breath suitable with high blood pressure.

Medical 50+
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Insomnia Support

Sleep support

Evening practice to support sleep.

Medical 50+
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Knee to Chest

Apanasana

On back, hug one or both knees.

Poses 50+
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Knee-Friendly Modifications

Knee care

Poses adapted to protect the knees.

Poses 50+
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Legs on Chair

Viparita Karani variation

Legs resting on seat of chair.

Poses 50+
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Legs Up the Wall

Viparita Karani

Lying on back with legs resting vertically on wall.

Poses 50+
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Lion's Breath

Simhasana

Exhale with tongue out and eyes wide.

Breathing 50+
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Lizard Pose

Utthan Pristhasana

Low lunge with forearms to floor.

Poses
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Locust Pose

Salabhasana

Lying on belly, lift chest and legs.

Poses
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What is yoga terminology?

Yoga terminology includes Sanskrit and common English names for poses, breathing techniques, and meditation practices. Understanding these terms helps you follow classes, read guides, and communicate with teachers and practitioners. Many terms also have medical or therapeutic meanings that are relevant for managing conditions like back pain, anxiety, and sleep issues.

How do yoga terms relate to medical benefits?

Yoga terms often map to evidence-based benefits. Poses and breathing exercises can support lower back pain, sciatica, knee health, anxiety, and sleep when practiced safely. Our glossary links each term to conditions and compatibility scores so you can choose practices that match your needs and evidence level (low, moderate, or high).

Safe practice for older people

If you are 50 or older, look for terms marked "Safe for 50+" and "Beginner." Always warm up gently, use props when needed, and avoid pushing into pain. Consult your doctor before starting yoga if you have injuries, heart conditions, or balance concerns. Our definitions include contraindications and when to stop or seek medical advice.